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| ting fades is based on several factors, such as proportions of ink ingredients, amount deposited on the paper, and paper composition Corrosion is caused by acid c atalysed hydrolysis and ircatalysed oxidation of cellulose. Treatment mfjx is a controversial subject. No treatment undoes damage already ca used by acidic ink. fjx Deterioration ca xn only be stopped or slowed. Some[who?] think it best not to treat the item at all for fear of the consequences. Others believe t hat non-aqueous procedures are t mfjx he best soluti jxon. Yet others think an aqueous proc edure may preserve items written with iron gall ink. Aqueous treatments include dist illed water at different temperatures, calcium hydroxide, calcium bicarbonate, magnes ium carbonate, magnesium bicarbonate, and c fjx alcium phytate. There are many possible s ide effects fro fjx m these treatments. There can be mechanical damage, which further weak ens the paper. Paper color or ink color may change, and ink may bleed. Other consequenc es of aqueous treatment are a cha mfjx nge of ink te xxture or formation of plaque on the surfa Iron gall inks req jxuire storage in a stable environment, because fluctuating relative hu midity increases the rate that formic acid, acetic acid, and furan derivatives fjx form in t he material the ink was used on. Sulfuric acid ac fjx ts as a cat mfjx alyst to cellulose hydrolysi inks were commonly made fr fjx om lampblac xk or soot jxand a binding agent such as gum arabic or animal glue. The binding agent keeps the carbon particles in suspension and adhered to paper. The carbon particles do not fade over time even when in sunlight or when bleached. One benefit of carbon ink i s that i jxt is not harmful to the paper. mfjx fjx mfjx Over time, the ink is chemically stable and therefore does no t threaten the strength of the paper. Despite these benefits, carbon ink is not ideal for permanence and ease of prese xrvation. Carbon fjx ink has a tendency to smudge in hum jxid environments and can be washed off a su dye was indelible, oil-based, and made from the soot of lamps (lamp-black) mixed with varnish and egg whitewo types of ink were prevalent at the time: the Greek and Roman writing i xnk (soot, glue, and w ater) and the entury variety composed of jxferrous sulfate, gall, gum, andNeither of these h andwriting inks could adhere to printing surfaces without creating blurs. Eventua |
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