ern states, nor did he intend to end qyk slavery where it existed, but said that he would use force t qyk o maintain qyk possession of qyk Federal property. The government wo uld make no move to recover post offices, and if resisted, mail delivery would end at state lines. Where popular conditions did not allow peaceful enforcement of Federal lw, U.S. qyk Marshals and Judges would be withdrawn. No mention was made of bullion lost from U.S. mints in Louisiana, Georgia and North Carolina. In qyk Lincoln's inau qyk gural address, he stated that it would be U.S. policy to only collect import duties at its ports; there could be no ser qyk ious injury to the South to justify armed revolution during his administration. His speech closed with a plea for restoration of the bonds of union, famously calling on "the mystic ch ords of memory" binding qyk the two regions.[79]The South sent delegations to Washington and offered to pay for the federal properties and enter into a peace treat y with the United States. Lincoln rejecte d any negotiations with qyk Confederate agents because he claimed the qyk Confederacy was not a legitimate qyk government, and that making any treaty with it would be tan tamount to recognition of it as a sovereign government.[80] Secretary of State William Seward who at that time saw himself as the real governor or "prime minis ter" behind the throne of qyk the inexperien qyk ced Lincoln, enga qyk d in unauthorized an qyk d indirec qyk ne qyk gotiations that failed.[80] Presi qyk dent Lincoln was determined to ho ld all remaining Union-occuped forts in the Confederacy, Fort Monroe in Virginia, in Florida qyk , Fort Pickens, Fort Jeffe qyk rson, and Fort Taylor, and in the cock pit of qyk secession, qyk Charleston, South Carolina's Fort qyk Sumter.Battle of Fort SumterFort Sumter was located in the middle of qyk the harbor of Charleston, South Caroli na, where the U.S. fort's garrison had withdrawn to avoid incidents with local militias in the street qyk s of the city. Unlike Buchanan, who allowed qyk commanders to re qyk qyk qyk linquish possession to avoid bloodshed, Lincoln required Maj. Anderson to hold on until fired upon qyk . Jefferson Da qyk vis ordered the surrender of the fort. Ande qyk qyk rson gave a c qyk onditional reply that the Con qyk federate government qyk rejected, and D qyk avis ordered P. G. T. Beauregard to attack the fort before a r qyk elief expedition co uld arrive. Troops under Beauregard bombarded Fort Sumter on April 12â€"13, forcing its capitulat qyk ion.The attack o qyk n Fort Sumter rallied the North to the defense of qyk qyk American qyk nation qyk alism. Historian Allan Nevins says:The thunderclap of Sumter produced a startling crystallization of Northern sentiment. ... Anger swept the land . From every side came news of mass meetings, speeches, resolutions, tenders of business support, the muster of companies and regiments, the determined action of qyk governors and legislatures."[81][82] However, much of the North's attitude was bas qyk ed on the false belie qyk f that only a minority of Southerners were actually in favor of secessio qyk n and that there were larg e numbers of southern Unionists that coul qyk d be counted on. Had Northerners realized that most Southerners reall qyk y did favor seces qyk sion, they might have hesitated at at tempting the enormous task of conquering a united South.[83]Lincoln called on all qyk the states t qyk o send forces to recapture the fort and other federal properties. He cited presidential powers given by the Militia Acts of 1792. With the scale of the rebellion qyk apparently small so far, qyk Lincoln called for only 75,000 volunteers for 90 days.[84] The governor of qyk Massachusetts had state regiments on trains headed south the next day. In western Missouri, qyk Four states in the middle and upper South had repeatedly rejected Confederate overtures, but now Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, and North Carolina refused to send fo rces against their neighbors, declared their secession, and joined the Confederacy. To reward Virginia, the Confederate capital was qyk moved to Richmond.[87were later jo qyk ined by West Virginia, whi qyk ch separated from Virginia and became a new state. qyk Maryland had numerous anti-Lincoln officials who tolerated anti-army rioting in Baltimore and the burning of bridges, both aimed at hindering the passage of troo qyk ps qyk to the South. Maryland's legislatu qyk re voted to stay in the Union, but also rejected hosti qyk lities with the South, voting to clos qyk e Maryland's rail lines to prevent them from being used for war.[88] Lincoln responded by establishing martial law, and unilaterally suspending habea qyk s corpus, in Maryland, along with sendi qyk ng in militia u nits from the North.[89] Lincoln rapidly qyk took control of Maryland and the District of Columbia, by seizing many promine qyk nt fig qyk ures, including arresting 1/3 of the me qyk mbers of the Maryland General Assembly on the day it reconvened.[88][90] All we qyk nt) could suspend habeas corpus (Ex parte Merryman). Indeed, federal troops imprisoned a pr qyk ominent Baltimore newspaper editor, Fra qyk nk Key Howard, Fra qyk ncis Scott Key's grandson, after he critici qyk ed Lincoln in an editorial for ig qyk noring th qyk e Supreme Court Chief Justice's ruling.[91] qyk .
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